Fraudsters posing as close relatives in need, fraudulent transactions online, dubious gambling activities: There are a multitude of fraud patterns (section 263 of the Criminal Code (Strafgesetzbuch, StGB)). Some offenders pretend that there is an emergency in order to fraudulently obtain financial benefits for themselves. A situation may constitute fraud if a person promises something to another person which cannot or is not intended to be fulfilled, or if a person pretends to another person that certain circumstances exist and the latter then – as a result of the misconception thus caused – pays money or hands over something without receiving an appropriate equivalent value.

Theft means that an offender takes something which belongs to another person from that person with the intent of keeping it. In most cases, this happens without the victim noticing it. If violence is used, this may constitute robbery (section 249 of the Criminal Code).

What should you do if you are the victim of theft or fraud?

• Inform the police as soon as possible.
• If you have fallen victim to theft and if you have household insurance: Contact your insurance and try to find some proof of purchase documenting the value of the stolen item.
• If you are a victim of fraud on the Internet, for example in the context of mail-order business, auctions or gambling activities: Store all pertinent e-mails and/or take screenshots.
• Have your debit or credit card blocked, if necessary. In order to do so, call the telephone number 116 116 (free of charge).
• If money has been illegally transferred from your account via direct debit or transfer: Inform your bank immediately and verify whether the money can be transferred back to you. Swift action may be crucial in this situation.
• In any event: Do not hesitate to get help. Help can be provided by police officers in charge of victim protection, friends and family, or experts from counselling services. You can find a counselling service near you here. In addition to support by counselling services, it may also be helpful to seek advice from a lawyer. You can find a list of lawyers here.

Further information

You can find information on how to file a criminal complaint here. Filing a criminal complaint – Information. You can find more information on the course of potential criminal proceedings here.

The Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) regularly features alerts on current fraud schemes on its website (only available in German): BKA fraud alerts.